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09:30-10:00 – EXAMINING SMALL STRUCTURES PLUS MATERIALS RIGGING & LIFTING
Walking round a structure is the usual way to inspect. The main issues are the publics right to safety at events and the safety of workers and artists in or on the structure.
EXAMINING FRAME STRUCTURES AND STAGES
Events often take place in or near small villages or in the countryside. Many contractors assume that as the local village doesn't have an idiot, they will bring their own.

Despite this, irresponsible workers are seen less and less as the culture of safety at the event site becomes ingrained.

"It is impossible to make anything foolproof because fools are so ingenious."
anon

When examining the structure the prime considerations are;

Stage set-up and lighting on internal ground supported stages

  • Hoists and lifting

  • Severe weather procedures

  • Fabric

  • Ropes

  • Steelwork

  • Sealing the site from not only the public, but other contractors.

That the frame work of the structure should be checked for damage such as dents, fractures, cuts, deformed stays or members, rust, or poor condition at any time.

The general condition of the structure, its framework, and any supporting braces. Are all adjustable legs evenly tightened? Are all cross braces in place? Is the structure in good condition generally?

The fixings of the structure, such as bolts and nuts, pins, braces, cables with rigging screws, surface fixings, tie-downs on roofs, and tensioning guys.

On fabric structures and covered stages, the design study's usually show that uplift is the predominant factor, therefore the ground anchors have a major bearing on the performance of the structure. Few stakes or ground anchors will hold at much over 1,000 KG, so larger loads will require double staking in soft conditions or high winds.

The guide-lines for the European regulations state that although high order methods for the analysis of membranes are available, the general or manual method of assessment is acceptable for temporary installations. This method should be used as a check, but wherever possible full analysis is recommended. In all other criteria it should be understood that the general rules of engineering should apply, with the exception of the FOS> (Factors of safety). These should be of the order of 2 to 1 for constructional belting or webbing's that can be harmed by cutting or abrasion. In general the painting of timber structural members is avoided, although the use of timber itself is not, when a clear sealant is used.

In general all structures should be capable of withstanding the design loads and forces imposed upon them by normal use, as well as being capable of taking the loads imposed by the erection/dismantling process. This should be augmented by a factor of safety to allow for deterioration or damage.

EXAMINING POLE TENTS

"I wonder sometimes if manufacturers of foolproof items keep a fool or two on their payroll to test things".
Alan Coren

The general inspection on site of Pole Tents is fairly simple, and most potential dangers will be obvious to the untrained eye.

The ground conditions the structure is sited upon, soft soil conditions, nearby drains or underground power supplies.

Ensure that no wires or ropes are chafed or frayed.

On marquees and larger membrane structures it is often common practice to remove a side guy to allow access. This in itself is not a problem in ideal conditions but can have severe implications. By removing a main tensioning source of the roof, the load is transferred locally to other guys. If they are at full load, this could cause failure. More likely than the guys failing, is that the nearby anchors would be overloaded and therefore fail. The un tensioned roof may allow water to collect. A cubic metre of water weighs one tonne. A cubic metre of water can look deceptively small. I have personally seen more than 15 cubic metres of water laying in the roof of badly installed structures. This is enough to cause major damage to structural components.

Check that roof skins are tight and not damaged.

Check that there are no tears in the fabric or failures of any kind.

Check that there are no cracks in tube frames of poles or other supports, or damage of corrosion, and that timber members are free from rot and cracking.